Friday, November 30, 2007

Carbon Neutral Linux Notebook Computer

Zonbu notebook computerZonbu have added a Zonbu notebook computer to their low cost, low power, "carbon neutral" desktop Linux computer. As with the desktop Zonbu, this machine is sold with Internet based software support and file storage. The laptop is US$475, plus a monthly support fee of US$14.95 Like a mobile phone plan, the hardware is cheaper if you sign up for a longer support plan. Without the monthly fee you do not get the software upgrades or online storage, but can still use the unit.
  • Processor: 1.5GHz, VIA C7-M
    Intel-compatible, low energy use
  • Display: 15.4" WXGA Widescreen (1440 x 900) and VGA output
  • Memory: 512MB
  • Hard Disk local storage: 60GB (58GB for your data)
  • Optical Drive: DVD-ROM/CD-RW
  • Graphics: VIA Chrome9 HC IGP (64MB shared memory, 128MB maximum)
  • Audio: built-in speaker, microphone and headphone ports
  • 3 USB 2.0 ports
  • Ethernet: 10/100 Mbps built-in - broadband ready
  • Wifi: Built-in 802.11b/g
  • Power Supply: 65W AC-DC Adapter, 15W average power usage
  • Battery: Rechargeable Lithium-Ion, 2h30 to 3h, depending on usage
  • Measurements: 14.1" x 10.7" x 1.5" (35.8cm x 27.2cm x 3.8cm)
  • Weight: 5.3lbs (2.4kg)
The Zonbu notebook is similar in concept to the ASUS Eee PC, but is a full size laptop with a hard disk and DVD drive, unlike the Eee's diskless sub-notebook design.

There is room in the market for more such machines, with a size and features between the Eee PC and the Zonbu. These would have screens between 12 and 15 inches, with or without hard disks and DVD drives. A 12 inch wide screen device with no hard disk and no DVD drive might do well. This would be small enough to be very portable but still have a good size screen and keyboard. The Eee PC's SD card slot could be omitted in favor of a USB "thumb dock". This would be one of the USB ports positioned in a recess in the unit, large enough to accommodate USB Flash Drives which are commonly available. It could also be used for 3G wireless, TV tuners or other USB devices.

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Thursday, November 22, 2007

Zonbu thin Linux Client Energy Efficiency

As I was going to demonstrate the Zonbu Linux PC at the the ACS Green ICT group, I thought I should check its actual power consumption. My first attempt was almost fatal, the second, showed is was much as expected and about one tenth that of a regular desktop PC.

Do Not Try This at Home

I set my digital multimeter to measure Amperes and prepared to attach it to the power terminals. There is then a simple calculation to convert Amps x Volts into Watts. But exactly what was the voltage? I thought I should check that works, so I connected the meter across the power terminals, neglecting to reset the meter first to measure voltage. The meter created a short circuit, there was a loud "BANG", a flash and a cloud of acrid smoke as the multimeter absorbed 10 Amps and saved me from serious injury or death.

Electricity Usage Monitor

I then purchased a purpose designed Electricity Usage Monitor this has a plug to fit into a standard wall socket and the appliance to be tested plugs into the meter. I obtained one for AU$39.90 with an Australian plug. The unit has a small LCD screen to show power measured and a few buttons. The specifications state it is accurate to +-10% or +- 10 Watts. Given that the device I am testing draws only a few tens of Watts, the measurements could be suspect.

To test the meter I plugged in some 60 Watt incandescent light bulbs, these were measured at between 61 and 63 Watts, suggesting the meter was within the 10% stated accuracy.

Connected my the Zonbu computer the power measured was between 14 and 19 Watts. The power supply is rated at 20 Watts, so this is a reasonable reading.

For comparison I measured the power for my Twinhead subnotebook computer. To make a fair comparison, I removed the battery. This gave a wider range of readings than for the Zonbu:

Booting: 34 W
Screen off: 12W
Screen on: 17W

Installing the battery increased the power consumption by 5 Watts. This was when the batter was charged, indiciating the charging circuit was drawi9ng a significant amount of power.

I will test a desktop computer when I have one to hand.

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Monday, November 19, 2007

Carbon Neutral Linux Computers, Canberra, 21 November 2007

Zonbu miniature PCOn Wednesday I will talk in Canberra at th4e ACS Green ICT Group about the Zonbu thin client computer and Green ICT in general. All welcome:
Australian Computer Society
Green IT Special Interest Group
November Canberra Meeting

Topic: Carbon Neutral Linux Computers

Speaker: Tom Worthington, Adjunct Senior Lecturer, ANU Computer Science Department and Char of the ACS Green Technology Group

Venue: Australian National University, Room N101, Computer Science Building, North Road, Canberra
Date: Wednesday 21 November 2007
Time: 5:30pm drinks/nibbles for presentation 6pm-7pm
Event Prices: Free.
Registration: At the ACS Events System

Note: this topic replaces the previously announced talk by Michael Smith.

Summary

A study sponsored by the Australian Computer Society has shown that computers and telecommunications equipment in Australia generated 7.94Mt of carbon dioxide in 2005, 1.52% of national emissions. The ACS issued a Policy Statement for Green ICT, which includes suggestions on initiatives ICT professionals, government, consumers and ICT manufacturers can take to help reduce carbon dioxide emissions attributable to the use of ICT equipment. Tom Worthington, chair of the ACS Green IT Group, will discuss options available and demonstrate a new low power "thin client" computer using a "carbon neutral" processor.

About the Speaker

Tom Worthington is a consulting ICT professional, who represents his client's interests with software engineers, hardware suppliers, contractors and other suppliers engaged on a computer project. Tom has been an expert witness in several court cases involving international patent, computer, web and Internet issues, as well as advising governments and companies on ICT problems. He is a Adjunct Senior Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology at the Australian National University, where he teaches the design of web sites, e-commerce and professional ethics. In 1999 he was elected a Fellow of the Australian Computer Society for his contribution to the development of public Internet policy.

In addition, Tom has an interest in architecture, environmental design, energy and water saving technology. He is the founding chair of the ACS Green ICT Group, and has been invited as a guest lecturer on the effects of ICT on urban design for the Bauhaus Dessau and on smart apartment design at the University of Canberra.

Tom is author of the book Net Traveller and information technology professional, with 22 years experience. He writes about buying and selling on the net, e-commerce, net business, people using the Internet and travel.

Tom is a past president, Fellow and Honorary Life Member of the Australian Computer Society, a voting member of the Association for Computing Machinery and a member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers.

About ACS Green IT

The ICT Environmental Sustainability Group ("Green IT") brings together professionals interested in balancing economic and environmental aspects of information technology and telecommunications. It is a special interest group of the Australian Computer Society. The group aims to hold joint meetings with other professional bodies interested in technology, the environment and sustainability. Sign up now to get updates on ICT and the environment.

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Friday, November 16, 2007

Printing and Banking with the Zonbu

After three days with the Zonbu thin client computer I stared to forget it was any different to any other desktop computer. I had a query from a "Sundowner" asking how it would go in a caravan and for banking. It should work well in a vehicle and I would be more confident of the security of a Linux computer than a Windows one for Internet banking (St George's Internet banking worked fine).
Adding a pinter will cause confusion for many people. By default documents are "printed" to PDF files and that works very well. When I plugged my old Cannon i250 ink jet printer in, the system recognized it, but then offered me an Apple printer driver. This Cannon is not in the list, and when I went to check the web what to use instead (turned out to be a bjc-7000), I somehow stopped the printer installation wit a CUPS error. The system then locked and I had to turn off the power to restart the machine. I have not been able to install a printer using the utility. While the computer locking up is annoying, my Windows XP laptop does this every few days (I then have to remove the batter to restart it) and have regular problems with printers under Windows.

The Zonbu certainly looks robust enough to survive being used in a caravan. I am not sure about RF output for a Caravan TV, you might be better off with an LCD TV which has VGA input as well.

You will need a 12 to 5 Volt adapter to run it from a car battery and will need someone to solder the unusual three pin DIN plug on the adaptor.

My limited experience of Telstra Next G is that it works fine. Just be careful of the data charges and that you get a data interface which does not need special software on the computer. I have found plugging wireless into a router and the router into the computer eliminates a lot of problems. The NetComm N3G001W 3G Wireless Router works with NextG, but is not cheap.

Security for Internet banking should be better with the Zonbu than with a Windows computer. But if your bank has any Windows/Internet Explorer specific software it may not work. I tried it with St George Bank and it worked fine.

ps: Another option would be the ASUS Eee PC diskless Linux subnotebook computer. This has a similar processor and software to the Zonbu, but includes a screen, keyboard and battery. But the last time I checked, these were not available in Australia.

The soft worked satisfactorily on a high speed Internet connection, I took it home to try my slower 256/64 kbps wireless iBurst link. As expected this worked okay; the applications and data are stored in local flash memory, along with documents. It is only when you need something from the Internet, such as the Zonbu documentation, which is on the web, you notice the slowness.

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Thursday, November 15, 2007

Zonbu at Home

After the Zonbu thin client computer worked satisfactorily on a high speed Internet connection, I took it home to try my slower 256/64 kbps wireless iBurst link. As expected this worked okay; the applications and data are stored in local flash memory, along with documents. It is only when you need something from the Internet, such as the Zonbu documentation, which is on the web, you notice the slowness.

The unit worked successfully with a different mouse, keyboard and screen. On booting the unit detected a large DELL 2405FPW LCD wide screen was installed and the Zonbu set the resolution ot the screen's native 1920 x 1200 pixel resolution, giving a very good image. Unfortunately, even with this large screen the "large" system font is still too small for comfortable reading.

A USB external hard disk (originally from a Windows XP laptop) was connected and worked satisfactorily, with the Windows files being accessible. The WiFi USB was attached, was recognized by the software and several WiFi stations were detected.

One issue is the effect of files copied to Zonbu Online Storage on my limited broadband allocation. Data is being continuously uploaded. This does not seem to effect the web use, but there were 204 items in the queue to be uploaded at one stage. So optimization of this process may be possible as it is unlikely that many of the temporary working files need to be backed up.

After several hours of use the reason for the heavy aluminum case for th Zonbu became apparent, the whole case became warm, apparently acting as a heat sink for the CPU. When mounted tower style, the fins on the sides carry away heat, but the top becomes almost uncomfortably warm to touch. The top of the case was the hottest to touch. With the room temperature now at a comfortable 20 degrees, it would be interesting to see how hot the unit would get on a Canberra day of 40 degrees.

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Booting the Zonbu

Having obtained the password and user id for the Zonbu thin client computer, I plugged in the screen keyboard and network connection, then booted it. It took 80 seconds to boot Linux, which is reasonable and then after entering the user id and password another 30 seconds to bring up the desktop. Later I found that the system was loading OpenOffice.Org at startup and turning this option off may speed the system.

The results were an anti-climax, being a slightly customized Kubuntu looking desktop. There is a n image of a hobbit-like turf covered building as the background to the desktop. The applications have been pared down, but Firefox 2 and OpenOffice.org 2.3 are present and work as expected. PDF documents display using Adobe Reader 7.0.

There was no documentation or "read me" file apparent on the desktop. But opening Firefox took me to the Zonbu support page. There are some parameter settings which some sort of wizard tool would be useful in helping the user with. As an example the time zone is set for US West Coast. Another difficulty was that the default font and icon sizes are too small for me to see comfortably, even after using "Desktop Setting" to "Large". This could be a problem if the units are sold to older computer users with poor eyesight.

Documents created with the OpenOffice.Org word processor are saved to a documents folder on the desktop. These documents are then periodically copied to Zonbu Online Storage. I was able to create a document with the network disabled and this document was copied to the online storage when the network was reconnected.

A "Storage Settings" utility shows that 2.58 mb of the 2 gbytes of online storage has been used so far. 2GB is the minimum amount supplied by Zonbu, for a monthly fee more can be purchased. The local cache is shown as using 11.05 mbytes out of 2.49 GB. Presumably the other 2.51 GB of the 4 GB flash card is taken up with the operating system and applications.

Here is a sample of the "upload.log" showing the files copied to the online storage. It should be noted that not only are user created documents copied but also files such as the web browser cookies and even deleted files in the trash:
/Desktop/third copy of bp2_expense.pdf
/Desktop/third copy of Aus_Greens_FTA.mp4
/.config/xfce4/desktop/icons.screen0.rc.6101.tmp
/.config/xfce4/desktop/icons.screen0.rc
del:/.config/xfce4/desktop/icons.screen0.rc.6101.tmp
/.mozilla/firefox/3ijd1xdq.default/cookies-1.txt
/.mozilla/firefox/3ijd1xdq.default/cookies.txt
del:/.mozilla/firefox/3ijd1xdq.default/cookies-1.txt
/.mozilla/firefox/3ijd1xdq.default/cookies-1.txt
/.mozilla/firefox/3ijd1xdq.default/cookies.txt
del:/.mozilla/firefox/3ijd1xdq.default/cookies-1.txt
/.gconfd/saved_state
/.gconfd/saved_state.tmp
/.gconfd/saved_state.orig
del:/.gconfd/saved_state
/.gconfd/saved_state
del:/.gconfd/saved_state.tmp
del:/.gconfd/saved_state.orig



When first booted the system seemed a little slow, but after a few minutes a prompt saying the system software had been updated and I should reboot. The system then got faster, presumably having been busy downloading the update. The software download was no more annoying than updates to Microsoft Windows. As delivered the software was Zonbu 6.971 and the download took this to 7.1008.

This is all being done on a broadband connection, operating at about 1.6 Mbps. It will be interesting to see how well the system performs on my slower 256/64 kbps wireless iBurst link. As the applications are stored in local flash memory, along with documents, the system should work acceptably with a slow broadband connection. In thin client terminology, this is a "thick" thin client, with the processing happening locally in the desktop box.

To test the audio I played a video, and in the process discovered several useful videos about the Zonbu. Curiously the person demonstrating how to unbox the Zonbu has an Australian accent:
  1. Unboxing the Zonbu
  2. Zonbu Linux
  3. zonbu $99 linux box tour
  4. How to change the Compact Flash card of the Zonbu Mini
Some technical details:
pcor@localhost ~ $ uname -a
Linux localhost 2.6.22.4-zonbu.1 #1 PREEMPT Tue Oct 23 21:32:41 EDT 2007 i686 VIA Esther processor 1200MHz CentaurHauls GNU/Linux
pcor@localhost ~ $ cat /proc/cpuinfo
processor : 0
vendor_id : CentaurHauls
cpu family : 6
model : 10
model name : VIA Esther processor 1200MHz
stepping : 9
cpu MHz : 1197.048
cache size : 128 KB
fdiv_bug : no
hlt_bug : no
f00f_bug : no
coma_bug : no
fpu : yes
fpu_exception : yes
cpuid level : 1
wp : yes
flags : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 tm nx pni est tm2 rng rng_en ace ace_en ace2 ace2_en phe phe_en pmm pmm_en
bogomips : 2394.70
clflush size : 64

pcor@localhost ~ $ cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 449408 kB
MemFree: 8812 kB
Buffers: 15368 kB
Cached: 235272 kB
SwapCached: 0 kB
Active: 194092 kB
Inactive: 161536 kB
SwapTotal: 393208 kB
SwapFree: 393152 kB
Dirty: 68 kB
Writeback: 0 kB
AnonPages: 105016 kB
Mapped: 82580 kB
Slab: 14064 kB
SReclaimable: 5452 kB
SUnreclaim: 8612 kB
PageTables: 2732 kB
NFS_Unstable: 0 kB
Bounce: 0 kB
CommitLimit: 617912 kB
Committed_AS: 420988 kB
VmallocTotal: 581332 kB
VmallocUsed: 8128 kB
VmallocChunk: 573136 kB
pcor@localhost ~ $ xdpyinfo
name of display: :0.0
version number: 11.0
vendor string: The X.Org Foundation
vendor release number: 70101000
X.Org version: 7.1.1
maximum request size: 16777212 bytes
motion buffer size: 256
bitmap unit, bit order, padding: 32, LSBFirst, 32
image byte order: LSBFirst
number of supported pixmap formats: 7
supported pixmap formats:
depth 1, bits_per_pixel 1, scanline_pad 32
depth 4, bits_per_pixel 8, scanline_pad 32
depth 8, bits_per_pixel 8, scanline_pad 32
depth 15, bits_per_pixel 16, scanline_pad 32
depth 16, bits_per_pixel 16, scanline_pad 32
depth 24, bits_per_pixel 32, scanline_pad 32
depth 32, bits_per_pixel 32, scanline_pad 32
keycode range: minimum 8, maximum 255
focus: window 0x2000021, revert to Parent
number of extensions: 29
BIG-REQUESTS
Composite
DAMAGE
DPMS
Extended-Visual-Information
GLX
MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
MIT-SHM
MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD
RANDR
RENDER
SECURITY
SGI-GLX
SHAPE
SYNC
TOG-CUP
X-Resource
XC-APPGROUP
XC-MISC
XFIXES
XFree86-Bigfont
XFree86-DGA
XFree86-DRI
XFree86-Misc
XFree86-VidModeExtension
XInputExtension
XKEYBOARD
XTEST
XVideo
default screen number: 0
number of screens: 1

screen #0:
print screen: no
dimensions: 1280x1024 pixels (342x271 millimeters)
resolution: 95x96 dots per inch
depths (7): 16, 1, 4, 8, 15, 24, 32
root window id: 0x48
depth of root window: 16 planes
number of colormaps: minimum 1, maximum 1
default colormap: 0x20
default number of colormap cells: 64
preallocated pixels: black 0, white 65535
options: backing-store NO, save-unders NO
largest cursor: 1280x1024
current input event mask: 0x7a802c
ButtonPressMask ButtonReleaseMask LeaveWindowMask
ExposureMask StructureNotifyMask SubstructureNotifyMask
SubstructureRedirectMask FocusChangeMask PropertyChangeMask
number of visuals: 12
default visual id: 0x22
visual:
visual id: 0x22
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x23
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x24
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x25
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x26
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x27
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x28
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x29
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2a
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2b
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2c
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2d
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
pcor@localhost ~ $ xdpyinfo|more
name of display: :0.0
version number: 11.0
vendor string: The X.Org Foundation
vendor release number: 70101000
X.Org version: 7.1.1
maximum request size: 16777212 bytes
motion buffer size: 256
bitmap unit, bit order, padding: 32, LSBFirst, 32
image byte order: LSBFirst
number of supported pixmap formats: 7
supported pixmap formats:
depth 1, bits_per_pixel 1, scanline_pad 32
depth 4, bits_per_pixel 8, scanline_pad 32
depth 8, bits_per_pixel 8, scanline_pad 32
depth 15, bits_per_pixel 16, scanline_pad 32
depth 16, bits_per_pixel 16, scanline_pad 32
depth 24, bits_per_pixel 32, scanline_pad 32
depth 32, bits_per_pixel 32, scanline_pad 32
keycode range: minimum 8, maximum 255
focus: window 0x2000021, revert to Parent
number of extensions: 29
BIG-REQUESTS
Composite
DAMAGE
DPMS
Extended-Visual-Information
GLX
MIT-SCREEN-SAVER
MIT-SHM
MIT-SUNDRY-NONSTANDARD
RANDR
RENDER
SECURITY
SGI-GLX
SHAPE
SYNC
TOG-CUP
X-Resource
XC-APPGROUP
XC-MISC
XFIXES
XFree86-Bigfont
XFree86-DGA
XFree86-DRI
XFree86-Misc
XFree86-VidModeExtension
XInputExtension
XKEYBOARD
XTEST
XVideo
default screen number: 0
number of screens: 1

screen #0:
print screen: no
dimensions: 1280x1024 pixels (342x271 millimeters)
resolution: 95x96 dots per inch
depths (7): 16, 1, 4, 8, 15, 24, 32
root window id: 0x48
depth of root window: 16 planes
number of colormaps: minimum 1, maximum 1
default colormap: 0x20
default number of colormap cells: 64
preallocated pixels: black 0, white 65535
options: backing-store NO, save-unders NO
largest cursor: 1280x1024
current input event mask: 0x7a802c
ButtonPressMask ButtonReleaseMask LeaveWindowMask
ExposureMask StructureNotifyMask SubstructureNotifyMask
SubstructureRedirectMask FocusChangeMask PropertyChangeMask
number of visuals: 12
default visual id: 0x22
visual:
visual id: 0x22
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x23
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x24
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x25
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x26
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x27
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x28
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x29
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2a
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2b
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2c
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
visual:
visual id: 0x2d
class: TrueColor
depth: 16 planes
available colormap entries: 64 per subfield
red, green, blue masks: 0xf800, 0x7e0, 0x1f
significant bits in color specification: 6 bits
pcor@localhost ~ $ glxinfo
name of display: :0.0
display: :0 screen: 0
direct rendering: Yes
server glx vendor string: SGI
server glx version string: 1.2
server glx extensions:
GLX_ARB_multisample, GLX_EXT_visual_info, GLX_EXT_visual_rating,
GLX_EXT_import_context, GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap, GLX_OML_swap_method,
GLX_SGI_make_current_read, GLX_SGIS_multisample, GLX_SGIX_hyperpipe,
GLX_SGIX_swap_barrier, GLX_SGIX_fbconfig
client glx vendor string: SGI
client glx version string: 1.4
client glx extensions:
GLX_ARB_get_proc_address, GLX_ARB_multisample, GLX_EXT_import_context,
GLX_EXT_visual_info, GLX_EXT_visual_rating, GLX_MESA_allocate_memory,
GLX_MESA_copy_sub_buffer, GLX_MESA_swap_control,
GLX_MESA_swap_frame_usage, GLX_OML_swap_method, GLX_OML_sync_control,
GLX_SGI_make_current_read, GLX_SGI_swap_control, GLX_SGI_video_sync,
GLX_SGIS_multisample, GLX_SGIX_fbconfig, GLX_SGIX_pbuffer,
GLX_SGIX_visual_select_group, GLX_EXT_texture_from_pixmap
GLX version: 1.2
GLX extensions:
GLX_ARB_get_proc_address, GLX_ARB_multisample, GLX_EXT_import_context,
GLX_EXT_visual_info, GLX_EXT_visual_rating, GLX_MESA_swap_control,
GLX_MESA_swap_frame_usage, GLX_OML_swap_method, GLX_SGI_video_sync,
GLX_SGIS_multisample, GLX_SGIX_fbconfig
OpenGL vendor string: VIA Technology
OpenGL renderer string: Mesa DRI UniChrome 20060710 x86/MMX/SSE2
OpenGL version string: 1.2 Mesa 6.5.1
OpenGL extensions:
GL_ARB_imaging, GL_ARB_multisample, GL_ARB_multitexture,
GL_ARB_point_parameters, GL_ARB_texture_env_add,
GL_ARB_texture_env_combine, GL_ARB_texture_mirrored_repeat,
GL_ARB_transpose_matrix, GL_ARB_window_pos, GL_EXT_abgr, GL_EXT_bgra,
GL_EXT_blend_color, GL_EXT_blend_minmax, GL_EXT_blend_subtract,
GL_EXT_clip_volume_hint, GL_EXT_compiled_vertex_array, GL_EXT_convolution,
GL_EXT_copy_texture, GL_EXT_draw_range_elements, GL_EXT_fog_coord,
GL_EXT_histogram, GL_EXT_packed_pixels, GL_EXT_point_parameters,
GL_EXT_polygon_offset, GL_EXT_rescale_normal, GL_EXT_secondary_color,
GL_EXT_separate_specular_color, GL_EXT_stencil_wrap, GL_EXT_subtexture,
GL_EXT_texture, GL_EXT_texture3D, GL_EXT_texture_edge_clamp,
GL_EXT_texture_env_add, GL_EXT_texture_env_combine,
GL_EXT_texture_lod_bias, GL_EXT_texture_object, GL_EXT_vertex_array,
GL_APPLE_packed_pixels, GL_IBM_rasterpos_clip,
GL_IBM_texture_mirrored_repeat, GL_MESA_window_pos, GL_NV_blend_square,
GL_NV_light_max_exponent, GL_NV_texgen_reflection, GL_OES_read_format,
GL_SGI_color_matrix, GL_SGI_color_table, GL_SGIS_texture_edge_clamp,
GL_SGIS_texture_lod

visual x bf lv rg d st colorbuffer ax dp st accumbuffer ms cav
id dep cl sp sz l ci b ro r g b a bf th cl r g b a ns b eat
----------------------------------------------------------------------
0x22 16 tc 0 16 0 r y . 5 6 5 0 0 24 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
0x23 16 tc 0 16 0 r . . 5 6 5 0 0 24 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
0x24 16 tc 0 16 0 r y . 5 6 5 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
0x25 16 tc 0 16 0 r . . 5 6 5 0 0 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
0x26 16 tc 0 16 0 r y . 5 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
0x27 16 tc 0 16 0 r . . 5 6 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 None
0x28 16 tc 0 16 0 r y . 5 6 5 0 0 24 8 16 16 16 0 0 0 Slow
0x29 16 tc 0 16 0 r . . 5 6 5 0 0 24 8 16 16 16 0 0 0 Slow
0x2a 16 tc 0 16 0 r y . 5 6 5 0 0 16 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 Slow
0x2b 16 tc 0 16 0 r . . 5 6 5 0 0 16 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 Slow
0x2c 16 tc 0 16 0 r y . 5 6 5 0 0 0 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 Slow
0x2d 16 tc 0 16 0 r . . 5 6 5 0 0 0 0 16 16 16 0 0 0 Slow

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Wednesday, November 14, 2007

Zonbu Thin Client Linux Computer in Australia

Delivery carton for Zonbu held by Tom WorthingtonThe Zonbu thin client Linux computer I ordered on 8 November arrived at the ANU Post Office in Canberra on 13 November, which is within the six days promised. Using USPS Priority Mail International had one catch, which is that a signature was required for collection. As a result delivery was delayed a day and I had to go to the post office. This may seem a trivial matter, but in the past I have had to wait a week until I could get to a post office to collect an item. If Zonbu could dispense with the signature requirement, that would be better.

Packaging

The unit arrived in a cardboard box 280 x 225 x 160 mm weighing less than one kilogram. One of my colleagues who was with me was surprised when I told them this contained a computer with accessories. There may be an advantages in terms of security for the inconspicuous nature of the system. Thieves who do not notice you have a new computer, or recognize the device as a computer at all, will be less likely to target it.

Zonbu HardwareThe delivery box held the Zonbu unit in a cardboard box, slightly smaller than the shipping box, a Belkin USB WiFi adapter and Australia power plug adaptor. The Zonbu box had molded "egg crate" cardboard packing around the computer, power supply and stand. There was one A4 folded sheet of instructions and one A4 folded sheet of safety instructions. The box was delightfully free of the plastic bags, plastic foam pellets, CD-ROM disks, tapes and other extraneous packaging which computers usually arrive with.

The Zonbu computer itself is only 170 x 125 x 55 mm. The great surprise is how heavy the unit is. The case appears to be made from cast aluminum, rather than the expected plastic. The top and bottom are finned with recessed ventilation slots. The unit appears to have been designed to overcome the problem common to desk top TV boxes which are placed in a stack with other devices, resulting in a lack of ventilation. I was able to stand on the unit on one foot with no apparent harm and expect it would survive being driven over by a car. A stand for propping the PC up on end (as a mini-mini-mini-tower computer) was also supplied. This stand also appears over engineered, being a black anodized aluminum extrusion.

One problem is the case is too small to stand an LCD monitor on. Had the case been made 50% wider, ( 250 mm), it would then be ideal for putting under the monitor. This is a problem common to earlier thin client computers. Some years ago I suggested to Labtam that they put the thin client computers they were selling to us at the Australian Department of Defense in larger PC-like cases, complete with a false CD-ROM drive bay. This was partly a matter of perception, with the end user feeling they were not getting a proper computer, if they only got a tiny inconspicuous box. But there were also practical reasons for having a large box compatible with PC accessories.

The Zonbu's aluminum case may slide around the desk pulled by cables. Also the case is not completely flat and will rock when placed on a hard flat surface. The case is so heavy and solid these are unlikely to be serious problems, but rubber feet would be a useful addition.

Power supply

   International plug adapter - AustraliaThe Zonbu comes with a 4 Amp 20 Watt plug pack power supply which will run from 100 to 240 V AC and delivers 5 Volts. The power supply uses an unusual 3 pin DIN plug, which could make use of alternate supplies difficult. An optional US to Australian power plug adapter was ordered. The safety and reliability of this unit appears questionable and in practice it might be better to simply bend the pins on the power supply to fit an Australian, New Zealand or Chinese socket (subject to safety advice).


Setup

The Instruction sheet with the unit was the briefest for any computer I have seen. Diagrams showed the plugs and sockets on the front and back of the unit. The unit has a total of six USB sockets (five on the back and one on the front). There are also Ethernet, min-DIN mouse and keyboard plugs, VGA video, power and a microphone and speaker sockets (also used for VoIP with the included Skype software). On the back panel there is a "hard" power rocker switch and a "soft" software controlled power switch on the front.

A CF card slot holds a supplied SanDisk 4 GB flash memory card in place of a hard disk. The eject button for the CF card protrudes beyond the edge of the case and may cause the card to be antecedently ejected. It would be better if this button retraced into the case, as is common on laptops, or was omitted completely (the card should not be removed in normal use and can be prised out with a fingernail on the rare occasions this is needed).

The provision of old style min-DIN mouse and keyboard plugs is useful, allowing old peripherals to be used, although the generous number of USB plus would allow for USB keyboard and mouse to be used. Also the min-DIN plus may be confusing for a younger computer user who has never seen a non USB keyboard and it is not clear from the instructions if a USB mouse and keyboard can be used.

The provision of VGA as the only video connection may be limiting for some Internet Appliance applications. One very serious omission from the case is a security cable anchor point, such as a "Kensington Security Slot". Without a way to physically secure the unit, it would be very vulnerable to theft in the educational and corporate environment, as the unit could be placed in an overcoat pocket. But given the very solid aluminum case a security anchor could be added, or the unit simply screwed to a desk or wall.

Instructions

The instructions have two simple steps: first to connect the cables and then to turn on the computer. At this point I was stuck as the last line says: "You should have received your login and password in a welcome email". But the computer was ordered via the ANU and so that message would have gone to the purchasing officer. It will take me a while to track down. Zonbu should point out when ordering that the user id will be sent by email.


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Tuesday, November 13, 2007

Ordered Zonbu Thin Client Linux Computer

Zonbu miniature PCI ordered a Zonbu thin client Linux computer as an experiment to see it is practical as a consumer product. It cost $US312.94 with accessories and delivery. The order took 7 minutes 26 seconds to complete, with one series problem encountered, which is reasonable for a moderately complex product (but more than it should take for such an inexpensive one).

The Zonbu was ordered via the web site using a credit card at 3:43 PM on 8 November 2007. Using the cheapest shipping method (USPS Priority Mail International) it is supposed to take 3 to 6 days. It will be interesting to see when it turns up.

   International plug adapter - AustraliaAlong with the Zonbu Desktop (with no monthly subscription), I ordered a USB Wifi Dongle, and an International plug adapter for Australia. One point of confusion is that the "Shopping Wizard" did not offer the adapter plug as one of the accessories in the standard purchasing dialog. I had to go back and click on "Accessories" after the other items. It is unlikely the average consumer would know they need the plug or be able to find it if not promoted. Zonbu need to change the dialog to offer the adapter, perhaps only if the customer enters an Australian shipping address.

The Australian power plugs are also used in New Zealand, Fiji and Papua New Guinea. They are also usually compatible with those for China and Argentina.

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Wednesday, October 31, 2007

Zonbu Thin Client Linux Computer for Consumers

Zonbu miniature PCZonbu , are offering a thin client Linux computer for $US249.00. They include a data storage service and the application software in the price. If you pay for more online storage on a long term plan the cost of the hardware is lower.

The hardware is a small PC (apparently made by MSTI and sold as the "eBox mini Green PC"):
  • 1.2 GHz Via Eden CPU (C7 Esther core)
  • VIA CX700M chipset
  • 512 MB RAM
  • Ethernet 10/100 Mbit/s
  • PS/2 keyboard and mouse ports, VGA display port and 6 USB 2.0 ports
  • 4 GB CompactFlash local storage
  • Graphics up to 2048 x 1536 with 16 million colors – hardware graphics and MPEG2 acceleration
From: Zonbu, Wikipedia, 2007
In effect, the computer is sold in a similar way to a mobile phone plan: the more you pay for the monthly service and the longer you commit to the cheaper the hardware is. The service comes with OpenOffice.com and other typical Linux desktop software. Of course, the catch is that you need a broadband Internet connection for the unit to be usable. Even so this might be a good option for some home users and micro businesses. The business could simply plug the computer in and use it: if it breaks, then get another one, with the data stored on the remote on the server

ps: A similar online support option for the ASUS Eee PC (RM Minibook) sub-notebook diskless Linux computer could also be attractive. A school or micro business could equip students or staff with a computer which they could carry around, but not store too much vital data in.

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